Word order

የቃላት ቅደም ተከተል (word order)

የእንግሊዝኛ ዓረፍተ ነገሮች ባለቤት – ግሥ – ተሳቢ፣ ከዚያ ቦታና ጊዜ ይከተላሉ። ቅጽሎች ከስም በፊት ይገባሉ፣ ተውሳኮች ቋሚ ቦታ አላቸው፣ ጥያቄዎች ደግሞ ረዳት ግሡን ከባለቤቱ በፊት ያደርጋሉ። አማርኛ ግሡን መጨረሻ ስለሚያደርግ ይህ ልምምድ ይፈልጋል።

ባለቤት – ግሥ – ተሳቢ – ቦታ – ጊዜ

የአማርኛ ቅደም ተከተል ባለቤት – ተሳቢ – ግሥ ነው፣ ጊዜም ብዙ ጊዜ ቀድሞ ይመጣል፦ እኔ ትናንት ገበያ ቡና ገዛሁ። የእንግሊዝኛ ቅደም ተከተል ባለቤት – ግሥ – ተሳቢ – ቦታ – ጊዜ ነው፦ I bought coffee at the market yesterday። ጊዜ ደግሞ መጀመሪያ ላይ ሊገባ ይችላል፦ Yesterday, I bought coffee at the market። ነገር ግን ተሳቢውን ወይም ቦታውን በባለቤቱና በግሡ መካከል በፍጹም አያስገቡ።

Subject	Verb	Object	Place	Time
I	bought	coffee	at the market	yesterday.
She	takes	the kids	to school	every morning.
We	watched	the game	at a friend's house	on Sunday.
My brother	is moving	—	to Denver	next month.

ሁለት ተሳቢዎች፦ give someone something፣ ወይም give something to someone፦ I sent my mother money / I sent money to my mother።
ቦታ ከጊዜ በፊት፦ at work at 9 (at 9 at work አይደለም)።
ቅጽል ከስሙ በፊት፦ a new job (a job new አይደለም)።

My husband drives a truck for a delivery company.
We visited our relatives in Seattle last summer.
Every Saturday, I clean the house.
The landlord fixed the air conditioner yesterday.
She gave her neighbour a plate of food.

ተውሳኮች የት ይገባሉ?

የድግግሞሽ ተውሳኮች (always, usually, never) ከዋናው ግሥ በፊት፣ ከ be በኋላ ይገባሉ። የአኳኋን ተውሳኮች (slowly, well) ከግሡ ወይም ከተሳቢው በኋላ ይገባሉ። የጊዜና የቦታ ቃላት መጨረሻ ላይ፣ ወይም ጊዜ መጀመሪያ ላይ ይገባሉ። በጣም አስፈላጊው ሕግ፦ ግሥን ከተሳቢው አይለዩ።

Kind	Position	Example
frequency	before main verb / after be	I usually take the bus. He is never late.
frequency + helping verb	after the helping verb	I have always lived here. You can sometimes park there.
manner	after verb + object	She speaks English well.
place, time	end (time also at start)	I'll see you at the office tomorrow.
also, only, just	before main verb / after be	I also work weekends. She's just left.

ስህተት፦ I like very much Las Vegas። ትክክል፦ I like Las Vegas very much።
ስህተት፦ She cooks always injera። ትክክል፦ She always cooks injera።

I really enjoy my new job.
We often eat dinner late on Fridays.
He finished the work quickly.
They have never missed a Sunday service.
I'll call you back later.

ጥያቄዎችና በዓረፍተ ነገር ውስጥ ያሉ ጥያቄዎች

አማርኛ ጥያቄን በዚያው ቅደም ተከተልና በሚነሳ ድምፅ ወይም በጥያቄ ቃል ይሠራል (የት ትሄዳለህ?)። እንግሊዝኛ ቅደም ተከተሉን ይቀይራል፦ የጥያቄ ቃል – ረዳት ግሥ – ባለቤት – ዋና ግሥ። ረዳት ግሥ ከሌለ do / does / did ይጨምሩ። ነገር ግን በረዥም ዓረፍተ ነገር ውስጥ (Can you tell me…, I don't know…) ቅደም ተከተሉ ወደ መደበኛው ይመለሳል፦ Can you tell me where the office is? (where is the office አይደለም)።

Question word	Helping verb	Subject	Main verb	Rest
Where	do	you	work	?
What time	does	the store	open	?
—	Is	she	coming	tonight?
How long	have	you	lived	here?
Can you tell me where	—	the office	is	? (normal order)

be ዋና ግሥ ሲሆን ቦታ ብቻ ይቀያይሩ፦ She is at home → Is she at home?
ከ does / did በኋላ ዋናው ግሥ -s ወይም -ed የለውም፦ Where does he live? What did you buy?
የአክብሮት ጥያቄዎች ከመክፈቻው በኋላ መደበኛ ቅደም ተከተል ይጠቀማሉ፦ Do you know when the bus comes?

Where do you live?
What time does your shift start?
Did you get my message?
Could you tell me how much the rent is?
I don't know where she works.

የተለመዱ ስህተቶች

ስህተት	ትክክል	ለምን
~~I every day coffee drink.~~	I drink coffee every day.	Subject – verb – object – time.
~~I like very much my job.~~	I like my job very much.	Don't put an adverb between the verb and its object.
~~Where you work?~~	Where do you work?	Questions need a helping verb before the subject.
~~Where does he lives?~~	Where does he live?	After does, the main verb has no -s.
~~Can you tell me where is the bank?~~	Can you tell me where the bank is?	Inside a sentence, use normal order.
~~She bought a dress beautiful.~~	She bought a beautiful dress.	Adjectives go before the noun.

ልምምድ

እያንዳንዱ መልስ ወዲያው ከምክንያቱ ጋር ይታረማል። እዚህ ምንም አይቀመጥም።

Put in order: every day / I / the bus / take → ___
Choose the correct sentence.
Choose the correct question.
Choose the correct sentence.
Make a question: She is at work. → ___ at work?
Excuse me, do you know ___?
Choose the correct sentence.
Correct it: “What time the store opens?” → What time ___ the store open?
Choose the correct sentence.
Put in order: a / car / bought / red / he → ___
Choose the correct sentence.